地下工程突水的富水优势断裂

突水是地下工程常遇到的主要和危害严重的工程地质现象。工程实例分析表明，地下工程中大的涌水和突水大多与地质结构面，特别是断裂有关。文中分析了断裂控制地下水赋存和运移的规律，以及可能导致突水的富水优势断裂的特征。由于断裂突水的复杂性和众多的影响因素，将地质机制分析、经验判断和定量指标与评价模型相结合是重要的，也是可行的。文中介绍了一种富水优势断裂的量化分级方法，讨论了相应的预测与防治工程对策。

Superior water bearing fault and water blasting in underground engineering

Groundwater blasting is usually the main and very serious engineering geological problem for underground engineering.The case histories indicate that larger groundwater inflows or blasting in underground engineering are usually associated with geostructures,especially larger faults.The characteristics of groundwater storage and transportation controlled by fracture and the features of water bearing faults probably leading to groundwater blasting have been analyzed firstly.Because of the complexity and many factors of the groundwater blasting from fault,it is important and feasible to combine geological analysis,empirical judgement and quantitative indexes with evaluation models.A quantitative grading method of water bearing fault has been described in the paper.In addition,correlated prediction and prevention engineering countermeasures have also been discussed.