中国铼矿成矿规律和找矿方向研究

铼是重要的稀散元素,主要应用于国防和航空航天以及石油化工领域,具有不可替代性。但对中国铼矿尚未开展过系统的研究。本文通过对全国铼矿产资源勘查和科研成果的系统梳理,初步总结了中国铼矿的资源特征与成矿规律。研究认为,中国铼矿分布较广泛,具有较大的资源潜力和找矿前景。将中国铼矿划分为斑岩型、矽卡岩型、碳酸岩脉型等8种矿床类型,以斑岩型、矽卡岩型及其复合类型最为重要,占估算资源量的90%以上。铼成矿作用的时间跨度很大,从古元古代到新生代均有发育,以喜马拉雅期形成的资源量最多,次为燕山期、印支期和加里东期,呈现出越年轻铼越富集的趋势。将内生铼矿划分为25个成铼带,以冈底斯成铼带和东秦岭成铼带最重要。首次划分了铼矿的矿产预测类型,包括斑岩型、矽卡岩型、岩浆-热液脉型、陆相沉积型和海相沉积型5种类型,对每种预测类型的有利找矿区域进行了分析,指出了找矿方向,并对未来铼资源调查和产业发展提出了建议。

Study on metallogenic regularity rhenium deposits in China and their prospecting direction

Rhenium is an important dispersed element, which is mainly applied in fields such as national defense, aerospace and petrochemical engineering. The key point is that of rhenium is irreplaceability in these fields. However, systematic research work of rhenium deposits in China has not been carried out so far. Based on the systematic review of rhenium mineral resources exploration and scientific research achievements in China, the resource characteristics and metallogenic regularity of rhenium deposits in China are preliminarily summarized, and guides to prospecting of rhenium deposits are discussed. According to this study, rhenium resources are widely distributed in China, with great resource potential and prospecting prospect. In this paper, rhenium deposits in China are divided into 8 types including porphyry type, skarn type, and carbonatite vein type and so on. Among them, porphyry type, skarn type and carbonatite vein type are the most important, accounting for more than 90% of the total estimated resources. The rhenium mineralization can be developed from the Paleoproterozoic to the Cenozoic. The resources formed in the Himalayan period are the largest, followed by the Yanshanian, Indosinian and Caledonian periods, appearing a trend that the younger the rhenium age is, the more resources the rhenium will be. The endogenous rhenium deposits are divided into 25 rhenium- forming belts, of which Gangdese rhenium- forming belt and eastern Qinling rhenium- forming belt are the most important. The prediction types of rhenium deposits are divided into 5 types including porphyry type, skarn type, magmatic hydrothermal vein type, continental sedimentary type and marine sedimentary type. The favorable ore- prospecting areas of each prediction type are analyzed, the guides to prospecting is pointed out, and the suggestions for future rhenium resources investigation and industry development are put forward.