Flanking structures |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;2. Institute of Materials Science and Welding, Graz University of Technology, Kopernikusgasse 24/I, 8010 Graz, Austria;3. Slocum & Lang, P.C., 410 Spruce Street, Suite 302, Scranton, PA 18503, USA;4. Univ. Clinic for Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, Austria;1. Earth and Environmental Systems Institute and Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;2. Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA 17013, USA;3. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA;1. Ångström Tribomaterials Group, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden;2. Materials Science, Dalarna University, SE-791 88 Falun, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Flanking structures are deflections of planar or linear fabric elements in a rock alongside a cross-cutting object such as a vein, fracture or burrow. Flanking structures are divided into flanking-folds and flanking shear-bands. Both structures can develop by a range of mechanisms including intrusion or in situ formation of veins that bisects existing fold trains or shear-bands along the axis of the structure; flow partitioning alongside an active fault in a ductilely deforming rock; passive rotation of a vein with attached narrow rim of wall rock formed by alteration of the wall rock during intrusion of the vein; development of a shear zone in or along a pre-existing vein; and passive amplification of small deflections alongside a vein or burrow. Flanking structures can be used to establish a sequence of deformation and intrusion or partial melting, and some types of flanking structures can be used as shear sense indicators or to determine finite strain. |
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