Rare earth elements in a sampled coal from the Pirin deposit,Bulgaria |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;3. University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States;4. Jiangsu Institute of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;5. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Morehead State University, Morehead, KY 40351, United States;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, China;2. College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;3. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;4. PANGEA Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;5. University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, China;2. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;3. Geosciences Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, China;2. College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;3. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;4. Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing 400042, China;5. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;3. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;4. University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;3. Yunnan Institute of Coal Geology Prospection, Kunming 650218, China;4. The 198 Coal Geology Exploration Group, Kunming 650208, China;5. University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States;6. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetnyi per. 35, Moscow 119017, Russia;7. Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa;8. Jiangsu Institute of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China |
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| Abstract: | Rare earth elements (La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, and Lu) in a columnar section of the coal of the Pirin deposit, Bulgaria, have been determined by neutron activation analyses.The REE content in the coals is lower than the average REE content of shales from North America, Europe, and the Soviet Union. The REE abundances increase with the increasing ash content of the coals. The bottom of the seam is slightly enriched in REE, the trend being more pronounced in HREE (Tb, Yb, Lu). The REE content depends on the thickness of the coal layers: the thin coal layers are enriched in REE as compared to the thick ones.The chondrite-normalized distribution patterns are very uniform. They are characterized by a negative Eu anomaly whose mean value is 0.30 (varying in the individual samples from 0.21 to 0.49) and a positive Lu anomaly. It is supposed that the Eu anomaly is inherited from the source rocks.The shale-normalized distribution patterns show a distinct relative enrichment in HREE and a negative Eu anomaly. The relative enrichment in HREE is a specific feature of the REE geochemistry in the Pirin deposit. The LREE/HREE ratio is lower than that of composite shale; it increases with the increasing ash content of the coals and from the bottom to the top of the coal bed.REE are bound predominantly to the aluminosilicates of the mineral matter in the coals. All REE are positively correlated to the ash, Si, Al, Fe, and Na.The source of REE in coals is mainly the suspended terrigenous material. The specific enrichment of REE in the ash of low-ash coals is a result of the interaction between the dissolved REE and the products of disintegration and decay of organic substances, mainly the humic acids. |
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