我国海岛开发存在的问题及对策研究

我国海岛资源开发利用在环境、管理和经济等方面存在诸多问题。环境问题主要包括：海岛及其周围海域生物多样性的丧失,海岛淡水资源紧张,周围海域环境污染,陆海通道和围海工程造成海域自然环境状况改变；管理问题主要包括：海岛管理体制不健全,海岛资源权属不清,海岛开发管理法规不完善；经济问题主要包括：海岛地区经济基础薄弱,海岛开发产业布局不合理。最后提出我国海岛资源开发利用应该：建立有效的海岛综合管理体系和机构；因地制宜开发利用海岛资源；增加海岛资金投入,逐步扩大海岛对外开放力度；大力发展海岛科教事业, 实施人才战略。

Problems and Countermeasures of Islands Exploitation in China

The major problems concerning environment,management and economy existing in the use of the is- lands are analysed,that is:(1)bio-diversity is lost,(2)freshwater is short,(3)environment is polluted, (4)the environmental status has been altered by the projects between islands and continents.The management problems are:the management system and regulations are imperfect,the resource property of islands is am- biguous.The economic problems include the following:the economic base is weak and the distribution of in- dustry is unreasonable.Finally the measures are put forward for the sake of enduring the sustainable use of is- lands in China:(1)establishing effective management system of islands,(2)adjusting measures to local con- ditions to utilize the islands,(3)increasing investment into islands,(4)implementing strategy about educa- tion and technology.