New evidence of the total glaciation of the Isla Grande de Tierra Del Fuego |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Buenos Aires, CIRGEO-CONICET, R. de Velasco 847, 1414, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. CADIC-CONICET, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cient??ficas, Avda. Malvinas Argentinas s/n, 9410, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina;1. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Geochemistry, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;2. Columbia University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, New York, NY 10027, USA;3. University of Maine, Department of Earth Sciences and Climate Change Institute, Orono, ME 04469, USA;4. Victoria University of Wellington, 6140 Wellington, New Zealand;5. SUNY Buffalo, Department of Geology, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;6. GNS Science, Dunedin, New Zealand;7. University of California, Berkeley, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Berkeley, CA 95064, USA;8. University of Bergen, Department of Earth Sciences, N-500 Bergen, Norway;9. Cardiff University, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom;10. University of Oslo, Department of Geology, 0316 Oslo, Norway;11. Institute for Geological Sciences and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;1. Palaeontology, Geobiology and Earth Archives Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia;2. Climate Change Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia;3. Long Term Ecology Laboratory, Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand;4. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;5. Department of Geography, Exeter University, Devon EX4 4RJ, UK;6. Waikato Radiocarbon Laboratory, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand;7. Gondwana Tree-Ring Laboratory, PO Box 14, Little River, Canterbury 7546, New Zealand;8. Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GP, UK;9. Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia;1. Southern Tanzania Elephant Program, Iringa, Tanzania;2. Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;3. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;4. Wildlife Conservation Society Tanzania Program, Arusha, Tanzania;5. Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania;2. Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre (ESSRC), School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia;3. Department of Geography, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK;4. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0399, USA;5. EMM Consulting Pty Ltd, 20 Chandos Street, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia;6. ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia;7. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art (RLAHA), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TG, UK;8. Carbon Dating Laboratory, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand;9. Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK;1. Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile;2. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, 10944, USA;3. Geology Department, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA;4. Gaia-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile;5. Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;6. Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA;7. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA |
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| Abstract: | The stratigraphy and preliminary interpretation of a new locality with glacial deposits in a previously interpreted ice-free area in Tierra del Fuego are presented. These deposits consist of basal proglacial gravels (at least 4–5 m thick) covered by the Drift Cabo Campo del Medio. The drift consists of a lower, 2 m thick, lodgment till and a upper, 7 m thick, glaciotectonized composite till, reflecting basal glacier shearing and upthrusting of glaciofluvial deposits and lodgment till, with superimposed deformation by gelifluction. These two main drift packages are interpreted as ground moraines, reflecting two corresponding glacial advances with an intervening recess of the glacier front. The altitude of the Drift Campo del Medio, well above younger fluvioglacial deposits related to the Last Glaciation, the degree of erosional modifications, and its external position, to the NE of the Last Glaciation moraine system, are evidence suggesting that the Drift Cabo Campo del Medio was related to a glaciation older than the Penultimate Glaciation. The finding of this locality sheds new light on the old controversy of total vs partial ice coverage of the island. |
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