东疆黑戈壁近地大气边界层气象要素季节变化规律

利用东疆红柳河黑戈壁下垫面陆气相互作用观测站2017年近地大气边界层梯度探测资料和红柳河气象站天气现象观测数据,分析该地区典型晴天条件下的近地层风速、温度和比湿的四季廓线特征。结果表明:四季近地层风廓线变化规律明显。典型晴天条件下,在0.5～4 m高度内风速随高度的增加而变大的速度较快,在4～32 m范围内,白天风速随高度增大较缓慢,但夜间出现快速增大;存在明显的夜间逆温,逆温层主要集中在4～32 m,冬季逆温强于夏季,晨间0.5～32 m间的温度差可达4.6℃,且红柳河四季的气温日较差均较大,秋季可达到15.7℃;夜间比湿高于白天,秋、冬季夜间逆湿层出现在10～32 m,其比湿差为0.15 g/kg左右,夏季无逆湿现象。

Seasonal evolution of meteorological elements in the near-surface boundary layer of dark Gobi, Eastern Xinjiang

In this paper, the variation characteristics of wind speed, air temperature and specific humidity profile for Hongliuhe Dark Gobi area of the Eastern Xinjiang was analyzed by used gradient tower observation data and Hongliuhe National meteorological station data in 2017. The results showed that: 1) the wind profile variation pattern of near-surface atmospheric boundary layer in four seasons is obvious. Under clear sky conditions, the wind speed increases with the increase of height within the range of 0.5 ~ 4m, and within the range of 4 ~ 32m, the wind speed increases slowly during the day but increases rapidly at night; 2) There is a clear air temperature inversion at night and inversion layer is mainly concentrated at 4 ~ 32m, and the inversion layer is stronger in winter than in summer. 3) The specific humidity is higher at night than in daytime, and the humidity inversion layer at night in autumn and winter appears at 10 ~ 32m. There is no humidity inverse in summer.