闪电先导随机模式的建立与应用

根据地闪先导发展特征，建立了一个闪电先导的二维随机模式，并模拟研究了下行先导与避雷针或地面的连接过程。模拟得到下行先导感应电荷的数量级为10-4 C/m；下行先导出现明显的分叉，且先导接近地面时分叉逐渐增多；模拟的连接过程形态呈现多样性的特点；建筑物上的避雷针在绝大多数情况下可以有效拦截闪电下行先导，但避雷针正上方的下行先导并不是百分之百击中避雷针，远离避雷针的下行先导仍有很大概率被避雷针拦截；在下行先导与避雷针水平距离一定的条件下，建筑物越宽越矮，避雷针有效拦截闪电先导的概率就越小。

Establishment and Application of Random Lightning Leader Model

Lightning occurred in the atmosphere is a kind of long-distance discharge phenomenon,and it often causes a variety of disasters which become more serious by the extensive use of electronic devices particularly. With deep understanding on physical processes of lightning occurrence and development,lightning leader model is established based on observational facts to study development of lightning leader and its interaction with structures and provide reference for lightning protection.According to characteris...