岩石声波差异衰减特征及工程应用前景探讨

声波在岩石材料中传播时会发生差异衰减现象.由于岩石强度、完整性不同，造成其频率响应不同，声波通过不同强度的岩石时，对不同频率的声波信号滤除状况也就有所不同.通过力学强度高的岩石时，声波基本能够保持其原有频率成分，相反，当通过低强度岩石时，高频分量会迅速衰减而缺失，主要保留低频分量.通过实例研究，分析了声谱衰减特征与岩样矿物组成、密度及结构完整性的关系，验证了声谱衰减特征与岩体强度具有很好相关性的结论.通过分析研究声波信号在不同岩体中传播的衰减变化，指出声波衰减在一定程度上能够反映出岩体的风化程度、破碎状态、强度及各向异性等特征.可以发展成为岩体工程地质勘测、试验和施工中的常规实验方法.

Study on acoustic diversity attenuation properties of rock and foreground of applying in engineering

Based on the viscosity acoustic absorption theory, Rock material is natural low-pass filter of acoustical wave. For the different frequency response of rocks, the frequency composition of wave changes with the absorption in each kind of rocks. The degree of abundance of frequency in the receiving signal is closely related to the properties of rock materials. The harder the rock is, the more abundant the receiving acoustical signal component is. On the contrary, the receiving signal is only the low frequency component, the high frequency component fade down because of filtration. The researching achievement can be used to research the weathering, crushing, strength and anisotropy of rock-mass, and can be developed into a general experience method of rock-mass in the engineering exploration, testing and construction.