城市大型体育场馆区域布局及其规划应对方略 ——以上海、广州、武汉、乌鲁木齐市为例

通过实地调查上海、广州、武汉、乌鲁木齐4座城市的15座体育场馆，并在结合相关专家访谈的基础上，分析了大型体育场馆区域的产生、空间特征和功能布局，重点探讨了存在的主要问题，包括：场馆区域布局设计与区域条件不相适应，建筑设施之间的空间联系不足，区域整体空间局促，建筑设施的功能布局失调，交通流线布局设计有待改进，与外部空间环境缺乏紧密的联系。借鉴国外场馆区域布局设计经验，提出从多样性和整体性方面，合理规划场馆区域的功能布局；从开放和融合的视角，协调中心与周边区域的发展关系；以人性化和层次化手段，优化区域内的交通流线。

Regional Layout of Urban Stadium and Its Planning Strategies: A Case Study of Shanghai,Guangzhou, Wuhan and Urumqi

This paper adopts methods of literature analysis, field investigation, and expert interview to study regional layout problem of large-scale urban stadium. Recently, in order to meet the need of urban sports events, clustered stadium buildings on large-scale are established, whose region embodies very obvious spatial hierarchy and function layout producing better economic benefit and social effect. However, due to improper layout of stadiums and gymnasiums during pre-construction planning, they would bring negative effects on urban areas and their own regional development such as narrow urban space, inefficient operation of stadiums and transportation networks congestion, etc. At present, researches on layout planning of stadiums mainly focus on design concept of stadium area, design of single stadium and design requirements of local stadium area, etc, regardless of the relationship among regional elements and the relationship between the external and the internal. They ignore combination of construction with field survey. So it is hard to reveal and summarize main problems existing in regional layout of stadiums or gymnasiums and its planning strategies. Therefore, this research selected 15 stadiums in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, and Urumqi to be studied. Based on interviews with relevant experts, this paper analyzes and summarizes the generation, spatial features and functional layout of large stadiums and gymnasiums, including the layout design of stadiums that is not proper for regional conditions, lacking in spatial linkages between construction facilities, the cramped regional overall space, and the functional layout of construction facilities. Drawing lessons from the experience of the regional layout design of foreign stadiums, this paper proposed that the functional layout of the venue area should be rationally planned from the aspects of diversity and integrity and from the perspective of openness and integration, coordinate the development relationship between the center and the surrounding region; From the humane and hierarchical methods, the design should consider to optimize the regional traffic flow. Through the study of this article, we can further perfect the related research on the theory of city stadium area layout, and provide reference to the relevant government departments for the purpose of reasonable venues planning effectively. Furthermore, there are further values and contents to be excavated in the study on the problem in this field. The evaluation strategy of regional layout planning of stadiums and gymnasiums, the research and practice of the field abroad, and the use of advanced scientific methods to improve planning level, all need to be discussed in depth.