川中丘陵区典型耕作制下紫色土坡耕地的土壤侵蚀特征

在中科院盐亭紫色土农业生态试验站的多年观测结果表明 ,聚土免耕耕作制较横坡种植制减少土、水流失率 (年平均 )分别为 4 5 .6 %、38.7% ,较顺坡种植分别减少 6 3.2 %、5 2 .4 % ;在川中丘陵区的其它几个观测站 (仁寿、乐至、内江和简阳 )也表明聚土免耕耕作制能明显减少水土流失。在雨季的初期 (5月 )和中期 (7月 ) ,各耕作制的水土流失较突出 ,而聚土免耕法正好在此期表现出较好的削减水土流失的能力。通过标准值比较 ,聚土免耕、横坡种植、顺坡种植的P值分别为 0 .31、0 .5 1、1。

Soil Erosion Characteristics of Slope Land under Alternative Tillage Systems in Central Hilly Area of Sichuan, China

The data of averaged year basis observed at agriculture experimental station of CAS in Yanting, shown the tillage system of collecting soil to form ridge with no-tillage (SN) substantially reduced soil and water losses of 45.6% and 38.7%, 63.2% and 52.4% respectively, compared to contour tillage (CT) and straight tillage (ST) systems. The other experimental stations located at Renshou, Lezhi, Neijiang and Jianyang of central hilly area of Sichuan, as well as confirmed the SN significantly diminished the soil erosion rate. Soil erosion rate is higher at initial and middle periods of rainy season for all tillage systems; however, SN represented a higher reduction percentage at the right two periods comparing to CT and ST. The P values were evaluated as 0.31, 0.51 and 1 for SN, CT and ST respectively by comparing the averaged erosion rate.