大连沿海排污口及邻近水域细菌动态分析

于2011年3月、5月、8月和10月对大连沿海10个排污口及部分排污口的邻近水域分别采集水样, 对样本进行细菌总数3M试纸计数、2216E培养基和TCBS培养基培养并菌落计数, 对不同菌株进行16S rRNA基因克隆测序, 鉴定种属, 对细菌时间、空间的动态分布与群落结构及细菌分布与生态因子的相关性进行了分析。结果表明, 不同的排污口之间细菌总数差别很大, 数量在(1.6—500.0)×104cfu/mL之间; 排污口与其邻近水域差异明显, 排污口、邻近5m、100m和500m距离的细菌总数全年平均分别为77.94×104、 34.00×104、 4.520×104和0.448×104 cfu/mL。不同季节之间, 远距离水样季节性差异较大, 而排污口间季节性差异相对较小。在群落构成上, 假交替单胞菌属、肠杆菌科、假单胞菌属、弧菌属和希瓦氏菌属为优势菌属, 检出率较高, 数量较大。细菌分布与多种生态因子具有不同程度的相关。

A DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF BACTERIA IN DALIAN COASTAL SEWAGE OUTLETS AND ADJACENT WATERS

Water samples were respectively collected from 10 Dalian sewage outlets and partial adjacent waters in March, May, August and October of 2011. The total bacterial numbers of the samples were counted, bacteria were cultivated in the 2216E and TCBS culture media. Then 16S rRNA genes of the different bacterial strains were cloned and sequenced and bacterial strains were identified with BLAST alignment. The dynamic spatial and seasonal distribution, the community structure of the bacteria and the correlation between bacterial numbers and ecological factors were analyzed. The result indicates that the bacterial numbers in different sewage outlets are significantly different; that the sewage outlets are remarkably discrepant from the adjacent waters; and that Pseudoalteromonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Shewanella are the dominant bacteria in the communities. There are different correlations between bacterial numbers and different ecological factors.