中国陆地水元素组成的中子活化分析试验

对同期降水、江河水和地下水的元素组成,使用中子活化分析方法作了对比试验。降水取自分布于8个气候带的11个站,其海拔高程为5～3659m,年平均降水量为50～1571mm。河水取自各主要江河包括内陆河和海岛的12个测站以及3个实验流域,并在其附近采集地下水。降水中共检出35种元素,各站有19～31种元素,同期均有空间分布。河水中共检出39种元素,各河分别有21～31种元素。地下水中共检出35种元素,各站有30～32种元素。对其浓度组成作了由大于1000μg/L至小于0.01μg/L的分级综合。有些元素含量超出所报道的世界淡水浓度范围,小于其最低值,甚或远大于其最高值。

Neutron activation analyses on element composition of natural waters in China

The element composition of natural waters including rainfall,river water and groundwater are tested by neutron activation analyses.The rainfall is sampled from 11 stations distributed in all main climate zones of this country with altitude from 5 m ASL to 3 659 m ASL,annual mean precipitation from 50 mm to 1 571 mm.The river water are sampled from 12 hydrometric stations of the main rivers of China,including inland rivers,island river and brooks of 3 representative catchments.The natural waters are sampled simultaneously.35 elements in rainfall,39 elements in river water and groundwater are found.Concentration of elements are grouped with level greater than 1 000 μg/L to that less than 0.01 μg/L.Many elements are found to be beyond the range of world fresh water concentration reported by Bowen i.e.,several elements much higher or lower than Bowen values.