美国外商直接投资区域分异动态变化与成因

美国地域广阔，各地区的投资环境产生分异变化必然导致美国外商直接投资产生区域分异的动态变化。本文借助定量分析方法对美国外商直接投资区域分异动态变化特征和成因进行了研究。主要研究结论如下：美国外商直接投资有向沿海沿边集中的趋势，外商直接投资区域分布差距在持续扩大；外商直接投资分布与美国人口和产值分布之间的匹配呈加强趋势，外商直接投资的市场导向性进一步明显；外商直接投资与基础设施建设之间有很强的互动关系；美国制造业分布区位对外商直接投资区位选择具有较强的刚性，其聚集作用一般不会随外界环境的改变而发生较大的改变；外商技术导向性投资要付出较高成本；美国矿业分布对外商直接投资吸引力降低，外商资源导向性投资进一步弱化。

On Dynamics and Causes of the Regional Differentiation Characteristics of the Foreign Direct Investment in the United States

This paper mainly analyzes regional differentiation evolution process and its causes in the USA using K - index of information and factor and regression analysis. In the analysis, six factors abstracted from 21 variables are the scale economy, density of economis, level of consumption, location, social, environment and nature resources. Key findings are: the regional distribution of FDIUS tends to be concentrated in coastal and boundary areas, and regional differentiation is expanding; the regional distribution of FDIUS is broadly similar to that of the total gross national production and population and obviously, is resulted from the interaction between FDIUS and construction.