地球同火星蒸发岩沉积的对比

迄今为止,人类已经通过火星轨道探测器、火星着陆器及火星漫游车在火星上发现了碳酸盐、硫酸盐及氯化物等一 系列的盐类矿物,尽管整体上火星盐类矿物组合与地球上基本一致,但在许多细节方面还是和地球上有所不同。文中首先 对于火星盐类认知的现状作了简要综述;基于地球火星蒸发盐沉积及成盐作用规律的对比,预测火星表面及次表面可能存 在着广泛分布的钾盐;此外,发现火星轨道伽玛光谱仪所获的火星表面 K 的分布与火星表面已探测到的氯化物的分布有比 较强的相关性,喻示火星表面氯化物沉积地区的卤水浓度已经接近或达到钾盐形成的条件,同时指出这些地区存在钾盐的 可能性很大。

A Comparative Analysis of Evaporite Deposition on Earth and Mars

To date, carbonates, sulfates, chlorides have all been detected by orbital remote sensing and surface explorations by landers and rovers, although the salt mineral assemblages on Mars demonstrated differences from those on Earth. In this paper, we will give a brief review of recent observations and studies on Martian salts. On the basis of the comparison of salt sediments on Earth and Mars, we propose that potassium salts might be widespread on Martian surface and subsurface. Besides, we found a positive correlation between the GRS results of the potassium distributions on the Martian surface and the distribution of chlorides on Mars, implying the brines in the regions where the chlorides deposited may have reached the concentration for the deposition of potassium salts, and potassium salts might be prevalent in these regions.