威德尔海豹发声的信号特征初步研究

根据威德尔海豹在不同生态行为下发出的声信号资料，对其声信号特征进行分析研究。结果表明，威德尔海豹的声信号与生态行为息息相关。威德尔海豹伴随生态行为发出的声信号主要是由脉冲列和连续波组成。脉冲列的持续时间为２．２～４８ｍｓ，间隔在４．４～２８ｍｓ，频段范围在８６１Ｈｚ～５ｋＨｚ，谱峰分别在１．６ｋＨｚ、２．９ｋＨｚ和４ｋＨｚ处出现；连续波声信号的频段范围在１０２Ｈｚ～４．４ｋＨｚ，谱峰分别出现在４１９Ｈｚ、４８６Ｈｚ、６６３Ｈｚ、８２９Ｈｚ和１．２ｋＨｚ处。

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LEPTONYCHOTES WEDDELLIIS SOUND SIGNALS

This paper describes the acoustical behaviours and sound signals of a female Leptonychotes weddellii and its pup in the Fildes Peninsula,Antarctica under different ecologic behaviour. The results obtained by analysing the signals in the laboratory show that their sound signals are mainly composed of a continuous sound signal and a series of pulses. The signal of “ku……” is sounded by the female Leptonychotes weddellii when it was frightened or excited during breast feed. The frequency range is 102Hz-2.3kHz. The spectrum crests in the frequency mainly concentrate on 400Hz and 2kHz respectively. The signal of “mai……” of the pup Leplonychotes weddellii is continuous sound signal when it was separated from its mother. The frequency range is 829Hz-4.4kHz. The spectrum crests in the frequency mainly concentrates on 1.2kHz and 3.5kHz respectively. The signal of “ai……” sounded by the female Leptonychotes weddellii is continuous sound signal in calling its pup,and the frequency range is 486-1190.0Hz. The spectrum crests in the frequency mainly concentrate on 486Hz. The signal of “ai……” sounded by the pup Leptonychotes weddellii is continuous sound signal when it replied to its mother and the frequency range is 614.9-771Hz. The spectrum crest in the frequency mainly concentrates on 663.7Hz. The signal of “jue ke……” was sounded by the female Leptonychotes weddellii in consoling its pup,and the wave shape is of various change characteristics and its frequency range is 466.5Hz-897.9Hz. The spectrum crest in the frequency mainly concentrates on 673.4Hz. The signals of “du er……” sounded by the female Leptonychotes weddellii consist of a series of pulses in which the pulse width is 48ms at the beginning and 11ms at the end. Its interval is 23-28ms,and the frequency range is 861-2098.9Hz. The spectrum crest mainly concentrates on 1.6kHz.