页岩气储层的特殊性及其评价思路和内容

为了有效地开展页岩气储层的评价，文中首先总结了页岩气储层相对于常规油气储层的特殊性。指出这些特殊性体现在富含有机质、富含粘土矿物、细小的矿物粒度、极低的孔隙度和渗透率、纳米级孔喉结构、巨大的矿物表面积、复杂的成岩改造、大比例的天然气吸附赋存。在此基础上，从页岩储层性质的特殊性入手，梳理了页岩储层的评价思路和方法。强调了评价过程应遵循评价参数的直接测定与间接计算相结合、分析测试的常规手段与特殊方法相结合、评价对象的孔隙特征与吸附能力相结合。最后，探讨了页岩气储层的评价内容，认为其除了与常规储层相同的储层岩石学特征和物性特征外，还应考虑其吸附天然气的能力及其压裂改造的难易程度，即应包括储层岩石组成特征与空间分布、储层孔渗特征、储集空间特征、储层含气性和储层岩石力学性质等。

Particularity of shale gas reservoir and its evaluation

In order to evaluate shale gas reservoir effectively,the particularity of shale gas reservoir relative to conventional one has been summed up in this paper,which includes richness in organic matter,abundance in clay minerals,fine-grained texture,extremely low porosity and permeability,nanometer order of pore and throat structure,giant mineral surface area,complicated diagenesis,and great percentage of adsorbed natural gas.Based on the particularity of shale gas reservoir,the idea and method of evaluation for it have been discussed.It has been emphasized that the combination of direct measurement of evaluation parameters with indirect calculation,regular methods of measurement with special ones,evaluation of pore characteristics with gas adsorption capacity should be accepted.At last,the evaluation contents have been suggested,which should include mineral and organic components,porosity and permeability,types of pore space,gas adsorption capacity and rock mechanics.