黄河水中无机固体粒子与4种重金属液-固界面的交换作用

于 1 996年 5— 1 2月在实验室用离子交换法对黄河干流内蒙古清水河县喇嘛湾断面黄河水中无机固体粒子与Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 、Cd2 的液 -固界面作用进行了研究 ,得出离子交换率E %与pH的关系 ,找出了 4种重金属离子的pH突跃范围和最大离子交换率。结果表明 ,在黄河水中 4种重金属离子主要以羟基络合物的形式M(OH) 与无机固体粒子进行一价阳离子交换。随金属离子浓度增加E %降低 ,4种重金属离子与转型沙的交换率大于未转型沙。

LIQUID-SOLID INTERFACE INTERACTION BETWEEN INORGANIC SOLID PARTICLES AND FOUR HEAVY METALS IN THE HUANGHE RIVER

The Huanghe River ranks the first for its high amount of sand transported and density of suspended sand in the world. Liquid solid interface interaction between heavy metal pollutants and inorganic solid particles is studied to understand the migration, transformation and the distribution pattern of heavy metals in the Huanghe River. The exchange reactions of inorganic solid particles with four metal ions (Cu 2 , Pb 2 , Zn 2 , Cd 2 ) and the effects of the concentrations of metal ions and different solid particles on the exchange ratio E % pH curves in the Huanghe River have been studied by ion exchange methods, which has never been reported in and outside china. The results are as follows:1. The four metal ions with inorganic solid particles mainly take place univalent cation exchange reactions in the Huanghe River.2. The exchange ratio E % of four metal ions with transform and not transformed sands all decrease with an increase in the concentration of the metal ions in the Huanghe River.3. The exchange ability of four metal ions with inorganic solid particles is affected primarily by pH in the system and also affected by the character of exchange reagents. The exchange ability of four metal ions with transformed sands is larger than not transformed sands. The order is same to exchange ability of four metal ions on two exchange reagents.The results show that more than 70% metal ions were absorbed on the inorganic solid particles, the inorganic solid particles are the main carriers of four metal pollutants in the Huanghe River. The result provides related theoretical basis for the pollution condition of heavy metals and self cleaning ability of the Huanghe River.