马氏珠母贝肠道及其养殖水体可培养细菌群落结构

【目的】了解马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)肠道及其养殖水体可培养细菌的群落组成。【方法】采用2216E平板涂布法研究海区养殖马氏珠母贝肠道与养殖水体的可培养菌群种类及丰度。【结果与结论】马氏珠母贝肠道及其养殖水体的可培养细菌归属于2门(变形菌门和厚壁菌门)3纲7目10科23属56种。属水平上,肠道中以弧菌属(74.7%)和假交替单胞菌属(18.7%)为主;养殖水体中α-变形菌纲的FJ943236_g属(40.7%)丰度最大,弧菌属(16.7%)相对肠道丰度较低。样品共有菌属为弧菌属、假交替单胞菌属、发光杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属;肠道特有菌属为希瓦氏菌属和盐单胞菌属;养殖水体特有菌属主要为FJ943236_g、鲁杰氏菌属和Nautella。在种水平上,7个种为二者共有;马氏珠母贝肠道和养殖水体特异性菌种分别为18个和31个。虽然门水平上马氏珠母贝肠道中可培养细菌群落与其养殖水体中的细菌群落大致相似,但在属、种水平上二者差异明显。

Community Structure of Culturable Bacterial Communities in the Intestine of Pinctada fucata martensii and Its Aquaculture Water

【Objective】The present study was intended to examine the cultivable bacterial community associated with Pinctada fucata martensii.【Method】Bacterial strains were isolated from samples by Zobell 2216E,and bacterial strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing.【Result and Conclusion】The results show that all isolates were found to be in 2 phyla,3 classes,7 orders,10 families,23 genera and 56 species,with the most abundant Proteobacteria,followed by Firmicutes.At the genus level,Vibrio(74.7%)and Pseudomonas(18.7%)dominated in the intestine;theα-proteobacteria of aquaculture were FJ943236_g(40.7%)had the highest abundance,and Vibrio(16.7%)had relatively lower intestinal abundance.The common bacteria of both samples include Bacillus,Pseudoalteromonas,Photobacterium and Vibrio;the specific intestinal bacteria of intestinal were Shewanella and Halomonas;the main specific intestinal bacteria of aquaculture waters were FJ943236_g,Ruegeria and Nautella.At the species level,7 species are common to both samples;18and 31 specific strains of intestinal and the aquaculture water flora of P.f.martensii,respectively.Although the bacterial communities in the intestine of P.f.martensii were similar to those in the cultured waters at the phyla level,at the species and genus level,the intestine of P.f.martensii and the bacterial community in the sea were significantly different,indicating that the bacterial community composition in the gut of P.f.martensii has a certain degree of difference compared with the bacterial community composition in its aquaculture water.