矿物-水体系氢同位素平衡分馏和动力分馏的实验研究

矿物水体系氢同位素平衡分馏系数和动力分馏系数是同位素地球化学研究中的重要参数。这些参数大多由实验测定。氢同位素分馏的实验研究主要包括矿物水体系氢同位素交换实验，交换实验前后矿物、水的氢同位素分析及分馏机理、平衡分馏、动力分馏理论研究。为确保氢同位素分馏系数和一系列动力学参数的准确可靠，实验中防止氢透过容器壁扩散，避免空气中水汽污染样品，正确控制实验温度等都很重要。本研究以石英管代替前人常用的金（银、铂）管作反应容器，建立了一套实验研究羟基矿物水体系氢同位素平衡分馏和动力分馏的新方法，并开展了电气石水、黑柱石水体系氢同位素分馏的实验研究。所得一系列参数的精度明显好于国外报道的资料。此研究方法可广泛应用于羟基矿物水体系的氢同位素分馏的实验研究。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF HYDROGEN ISOTOPE EQUILIBRIUM AND KINETIC FRACTIONATION FOR THE MINERAL WATER SYSTEMS

The hydrogen isotope equilibrium fractionation factors and kinetic fractionation parameters are the important basic data for the study of isotope geochemistry. They are obtained mainly by experiments. The experimental study of hydrogen isotope equilibrium and kinetic fractionation includes: hydrogen isotope exchange run between mineral and water, hydrogen isotope analysis of the mineral and water before and after isotope exchange, the study of isotope exchange mechanism and the theoretical studies of isotope equilibrium and kinetic fractionation. In order to guarantee the precision of hydrogen isotope fractionation parameters, in the experiment to prevent the diffusion of hydrogen through the walls of the reaction capsules, avoiding contamination of atmospheric water and accurately controlling the temperature center of the sample tube in the pressure vessel are very important. This study has designed a new method of experimental study of hydrogen isotope equilibrium and kinetic fractionation for the hydroxyl minerals water systems. Small quartz capsule which is not permeable to hydrogen has been used, and all samples are sealed and products are collected under vacuum condition etc., so that the precision of experiments are significantly improved. For ilvaite water and tourmaline water systems hydrogen isotope equilibrium and kinetic fractionation have been studied by using this study method. The precision of experiments excelled obviously previous data. This study method may widely apply to experimental studies of hydrogen isotope fractionation for systems hydroxyl minerals water.