大庆西部地下水位降落漏斗区水资源人工调蓄方案

对地下水资源的长期大量集中开采形成了区域性地下水位降落漏斗，地下水的超采引发了一系列环境地质问题。利用降落漏斗区腾空的地下储水空间进行水资源的人工调蓄可使地下水位得到恢复。以地下水为主要供水水源的大庆市目前已形成了东西两个大的区域性地下水位降落漏斗，必须进行地下水人工调蓄。设计并模拟了现状开采、逐年压缩分别在现采和压采基础之上进行人工回灌等4种人工调蓄方案，对大庆西部地下水位降落漏斗区进行水资源人工调蓄。结果表明，压缩开采和人工回灌均可加速降落漏斗区地下水位的恢复，在逐年压缩地下水开采量5%的情况下实施人工回灌（0.45×10⁸m³/a），地下水位恢复效果最明显，到2010年末，漏斗中心地下水位可回升7.7~10.3 m。

Artificial Regulation Groundwater Depression Cone in West of Daqing

Large quantity of continuously groundwater pumping in an area forms regional groundwater depression cone, and overexploitation leads to a series of environmental and geological problems. Groundwater level can be recovered by artificial regulation of water resource in the empty underground space of the depression cone. Artificial regulation in groundwater depression cone is significant to Daqing, where groundwater is the main water supply resource. The authors designed and simulated four artificial regulation projects in the depression cone zone in west of Daqing, which are current pumping, reduced pumping, and artificial recharge based on current and reduced pumping. The result indicates that reducing the exploitation quantity and using artificial recharge methods can accelerate the recovery of depression cone. When reducing the quantity of groundwater pumping by 5% every year and executing artificial recharge(0.45×10⁸m³/a), the recovery effect of groundwater level is more obvious than other projects, and groundwater level of the centre of depression cone will be recovered by 7.7-10.3 m up to the end of 2010.