中国对虾虾苗体表细菌的扫描电镜和病理学观察

从对虾育苗池中任意收集活的虾苗，通过扫描电镜观察发现其体表有大量附生细菌和污着生物，优势菌为弧菌属。这些细菌可分解几丁质，损害甲壳表导并影响蜕皮，为其它生物附着创造了机会。当有病毒感染或其它因素使其抗病力下降时，此类细菌可能乘机进入虾苗繁殖，引发弧菌病，故可称之为条件致病菌。有体表细菌附生的虾苗，肝胰腺内也常发现细小病毒和大量细菌感染，造成肝组织坏死。这是虾苗停止变态、蜕皮和大量死亡的重要原因。

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE ADHERENT BACTERIA OF SUFACE CUTICLE OF PENAEUS CHINENSIS DURING HATCHING PERIOD

This paper detailed the number and composition of adherent bacteria on the surface cuticle of penaeus chineusis during hatching period with scanning electron micros cope and analyzed bacterial chitin-degrading activities and the machanisms to erode the lavae surface cuticle by chitinaze, resulting in development of vibrio disease or generalized bacterial septicemia. The number and composition of fouling organisms washed from the curticle determined too. Both adherent and fouling bacteria numbers were very high. These opportunistic pathogens can produce destruction of the surface cuticle and also provide a route of entry for secondary pathogens, such as certain filamamentous bacterium Leucothrix mucor. These infections may become high lethal due to a result vibrio disease, or to difficulty in motting as adhesions between the old and new cuticle. A single prominent basophilic inclusion body(H. E. stains) of hepopancreatic trbule epithilial cells was most commonly detected, and it caused this important organ destroyed. These results have been associated with acute or high mortalitied during larvae hatching period.