中国滑雪旅游目的地空间格局、存在问题及其发展对策

近年来中国滑雪旅游发展迅速、市场需求旺盛，但是对比瑞士、法国、奥地利、美国、日本等滑雪发达国家，中国滑雪旅游起步较晚、滑雪运动普及率低、滑雪运动意识较弱，滑雪旅游市场和产业化仍处于初级阶段，滑雪旅游经济潜力仍未完全挖掘出来。鉴于此，文章系统揭示了过热的市场需求进而引发的滑雪场空间布局不合理、生态环境破坏严重、滑雪项目产品单一、冰雪专业技术人员短缺等诸多现实问题，提出了加快全国冰雪-气候资源调查与评估、滑雪旅游目的地规划、全国滑雪场环境督察、滑雪场四季经营模式探索、冰雪专业技术队伍培养等应对这些问题的对策，以规范当前不合理的滑雪场空间布局和混乱的滑雪旅游市场，促使中国滑雪旅游向可持续发展方向迈进。该研究对于科学指导中国滑雪旅游及其产业健康、持续发展具有重要的指导意义。

Chinese skiing-tourism destination: spatial patterns,existing problems and development countermeasures

Compared with the developed skiing countries,such as Switzerland,France,Austria,the U.S.and Japan,etc.,Chinese skiing-tourism has started late and developed slowly;penetration rate of skiing has been relatively low,the consciousness of ski and sport has been relatively weak,and the skiing-tourism markets and industrialization is still in an initial stage.Comparison with unlimited potential of snow cover resources,Chinese skiing industry has not been developed well,and the potential of skiing-tourism economy has not fully excavated.Based on above reasons,in this study,spatial pattern of Chinese skiing-tourism destination is analyzed systematically.Some main problems in spatial planning of skiing-tourism spots and in the process of ski spot construction and management are discussed.Finally,several safeguard mechanisms are put forward to deal with these problems.It is believed that this study has a certain theoretical significance for scientifically guiding Chinese skiing-tourism to develop healthfully and sustainably.