Integrated erosion control measures and environmental effects in rocky mountainous areas in northern China |
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| Authors: | HE Jijun CAI Qiangguo LI Guoqiang WANG Zhongke |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Ph. D, Lecturer, Capital Normal University, Elementary Educational College, Beijing 100048, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100 Shanxi, China;2. Prof., Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;3. Graduate student, Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Resources and Environment, wuhan 430070, China;4. Prof., Zhangjiakou Supervision Station of Water Conservancy Project, Zhangjiakou Supervision Sub-station of Soil and Water Conservation and environment, Zhangjiakou 075000, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on observations of runoff plots and field investigations of gully cross-sections, impacts of various soil and water conservation measures on runoff and sediment yield are analyzed for different rainfall conditions. The results show that antecedent rainfall and rainfall intensity are the main factors affecting the runoff and soil erosion processes. Rainfall events with antecedent rainfall can produce high runoff and sediment yield. Large differences in the characteristics of two rainfall events will result in greater variations of total runoff and sediment yield from the same runoff plot. Under the same soil control measure and rainfall condition, soil and water conservation measures can reduce the impacts of antecedent rainfall and rainfall intensity on runoff and soil erosion. Among various measures, level terrace seems to be the greatest for soil conservation purposes. Combining with engineering measures,Vegetation measures is also effective in controlling runoff and soil erosion. In the initial stage of vegetation enclosure measures, engineering measure is necessary to improve the environment for ecological recovery. Gully head protection can control gully erosion effectively, but the effectiveness of gully head protection would be reduced when rainfall intensity increases. Therefore, the design of a gully head protection structure must be based on local hydrological conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Rainfall character Antecedent rainfall Gully head protection Cumulated erosion amount |
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