金川矿区地下巷道围岩应力场特征及演化机制

金川矿区位于高地应力区，岩性坚硬但岩体较为破碎，其地下巷道围岩压力在时间上和空间上的分布具有矛盾统一的双重性特征，这种双重性特征在国内外许多同类型地下工程中均存在。从应场演化角度，对该类围岩的应力场特征及其演化机制进行了探讨，人为围岩应力的特殊时间和空间分布特征的根本原因是结构面在围岩动态演化过程中发生一系列复杂的时间相关性力学行为和力学响应。据此提出围岩结构性流变的观点，并给出其理论解，它较好地反映了该类围岩变形破坏过程中应力场的演化特征。

THE CHARACTERISTICS AND EVOLUTION MECHANISM OF STRESSES IN SURROUNDING ROCKS OF UNDERGROUND WORKS IN JINCHUAN MINE

The development of surrounding rocks is very complicated due to underground excavation in firm but jointed rock masses in high earth stress area. Both theoretic rules and peculiar characteristics of all aspects of surrounding rock, such as stress, deformation, ground pressure, elastic wave velocity and structure of rock mass, exist simultaneously in the course of development of surrounding rocks. Taking the Jinchuan nickel mine and other underground works as examples, the spatial and temporal properties of stress distribution in surrounding rocks and ground pressures are discussed. The mechanism of the development of this kind surrounding rock is also probed in the light of interaction between stress field and rock mass structure. The special spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of stress field result from structural rheology, and a series of complex time-dependent behavior and response of discontinuity are happened during evolution of surrounding rocks after being excavated. A analytical solution, which do well reflect the hypostasis of evolution and characteristics of stress in surrounding rocks, is gotten on the bases of the viewpoint of structural rheology.