Simple lattice model of macroevolution |
| |
Authors: | Wojciech Borkowski |
| |
Affiliation: | Center for Complex Systems in Institute for Social Studies, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 01-183 Warsaw, Poland |
| |
Abstract: | In future astrobiology, like in modern astrophysics, the numerical simulations can be a very important tool for proving theories. In this paper, I propose a simple lattice model of a multi-species ecosystem suitable for the study of emergent properties of macroevolution. Unlike the majority of ecological models, the number of species is not fixed—they emerge by “mutation” of existing species, then survive or go extinct depending on the balance between local ecological interactions. The Monte-Carlo numerical simulations show that this model is able to qualitatively reproduce phenomena that have been empirically observed, like the dependence between size of the isolated area and the number of species inhabiting there, primary production and species-diversity. The model allows also studying the causes of mass extinctions and more generally, repeatability, and the role of pure chance in macroevolution. |
| |
Keywords: | Macroevolution Coevolution Individual-based models Predator-Prey Cellular automata Artificial life |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|