复合叠合盆地油气成藏特征——以塔里木盆地为例

复合叠合盆地的多旋回演化会形成多个油气系统。每个油气系统中的成藏作用各具特点 ,其共同点是 :烃源和封盖这两个要素是首要前提 ,二者控制着烃类的资源总量、充满度、系统的类型和性质 ,在这两个前提下 ,储层、圈闭、通道等则控制着油气藏的规模、丰度 ;成藏的温压环境则影响着烃类流体性质。塔里木盆地是典型的复合叠合盆地 ,共有 9个油气系统 ,可分为前陆区的腐殖型和克拉通区的腐泥型两类。前者为单旋回富气区 ,有 3种成藏机制 ;后者为多旋回富油区 ,具有 4个成藏期。多种类型的油气系统、多样的成藏机制和多期的成藏作用是复合叠合盆地油气成藏的重要特征

THE PETROLEUM RESERVOIR-FORMING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPOSITE SUPERIMPOSED BASIN--AN EXAMPLE FROM TARIM BASIN

Multi petroleum systems were formed within multi circle evaluation of composite superimposed basin. Every petroleum system is of the reservoir forming features of its own, and the common feature is that source and seal elements is the prior. Both of the elements control the total amount of the resources, filling percentage, type and feature of the system. Under the two premises, elements such as reservoir, trap and path control the scale and abundance of a reservoir, and the temperature and pressure when a reservoir was formed influenced the fluid feature of petroleum.The Tarim Basin is a typical composite superimposed basin with nine petroleum systems, which are divided into humic class in foreland area and sapropelic class in carton area. And the former is the mono cyclic gas rich area containing three reservoir forming mechanisms, while the later is a multi cyclic oil rich area containing four reservoir forming stages.Multi type petroleum systems, multi class reservoir forming mechanisms, and multi stage reservoir forming history are the major reservoir forming characteristics of a composite superimposed basin.