基于Voronoi图的岛礁水道空间配置模型研究

水道是连接两侧大陆或岛屿的狭长水域,是水上的生命线。在海洋中,水道通常与岛屿相伴而生,特别在礁体丛生的海域,岛礁与水道间的关系更为微妙,岛礁的价值在某些方面体现在其对水道安全的影响。本文以岛礁和水道的空间配置为出发点,提出基于Voronoi图的岛礁水道空间配置模型,利用岛礁对水道的控制强度,从水道的安全角度,描述岛礁的价值。最后,利用相关数据计算岛礁对水道的控制范围及强度,对岛礁与水道间的空间配置关系进行探讨。结果表明,空间配置关系是影响岛礁对水道的控制的重要因素,在空间相互关系的制约下岛礁的区位优势更能凸现其对水道的有效控制。该模型对海洋中岛礁分布区的水道安全及岛礁价值的研究有着重要的意义。

Research on Spatial Configuration Model of Islands and Waterways Based on Voronoi Diagram

A waterway is any navigable body of water. Waterways can include natural water area such as rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, and artificial water area such as canals and harbor. In order for a waterway to be navigable, it must be deep and wide enough and has suitable hydrology to allow vessels passing safely. In the sea, waterways usually connect mainland or islands. Especially, in the water area filling with reefs, they will be the only passage and the lifeline of the transportations and supplies. The islands and reefs also can influence the security of the wa- terways in that area. Consider the relationships between islands and waterways, it can not only influence the secu- rity of the waterways, but also reflect the value of the islands. In this paper, a spatial configuration model of is- lands and waterways based on Voronoi diagram was proposed to describe the spatial relationships between is- lands and waterways. The intensity of waterways controlled by islands was used to indicate the security state of the waterways and reflect the value of the islands. Then the data of 43 islands and three waterways were used to calculate the intensity and extent of the three waterways controlled by the islands and the spatial configuration of islands and waterways is analyzed. The results of this research showed： （1） the relationship of spatial configura- tion is a key factor of the intensity and extent of the waterways controlled by the islands. （2） Under the spatial in- teraction conditions, the more prominent on the location advantage of islands, the more outstanding on the effect of the control. This study provided a new vision of the security of waterways and the value of islands. The meth- od is easy and useful to evaluate the security of waterways and the value of islands.