中国陆表水空间展布及动态变化分析

陆表水是维持人类生存的重要资源之一,而中国是水资源严重匮乏的国家之一。因此,掌握中国陆表水的空间分布及其变化状况对合理利用水资源、提高人们节约用水意识等具有重要作用。利用全球首套空间分辨率为30m的全球地表覆盖数据(Globe Land30))中的2000年和2010年两期数据,首先采用重分类的方法提取出我国2000年和2010年的内陆地区水体数据,再根据我国的主要流域和等降水量线数据,统计出各流域及各降水区域的水域面积、水域率数据,并对其动态变化进行分析。结果表明,我国水资源分布不均,呈现明显的南多北少、东多西少的态势。从2000到2010年,我国的陆表水水域面积趋于减少,其中以长江流域水域面积的减少最为明显。

Spatial Distribution and Dynamic Changes of the Land Surface Water in China

Land surface water is one of the most important resources for human survival,and China is one of the countries with serious water shortage.Therefore,it is very important to understand the spatial distribution and variation of land surface water,and raise the people's consciousness of water conservation.Using the world's first dataset of land cover (GlobeLand30) with 30 m spatial resolution in years of 2000 and 2010,this research reclassified and extracted the land surface water in China.Then according to the main watersheds and the iso-precipitation lines,the data of water area and waterarea of each basin and precipitation area are calculated and analyzed.The result showed that the spatial distribution of water resources in China is uneven,and from 2000 to 2010,the surface water area tends to decreased,especially in the Yangtze River basin.