长江中游城市群城际竞合空间格局分析——基于城市竞争力与空间相互作用的视角

基于城市竞争力与空间相互作用的研究视阈，借助SPSS主成分分析法和ArcGIS空间插值手段，构建长江中游城市群城际竞争―整合分析的基本框架，揭示城市群内城际竞合空间格局特征和作用机制。结果显示：1）长江中游城市群城际竞争格局总体呈“核心―边缘”结构特征，3个子城市群内部竞争格局分异显著；多竞争要素的交互耦合、中心城市的极化效应、行政和地理分割、交通等是城际竞争格局形成的主要动力机制。2）城际整合格局整体表现出“群（圈）内＞群（圈）际”的空间分布态势，沿主要交通轴线形成“吸管效应”，城际竞争与整合格局呈现“整体吻合、局部偏离”特征；城际整合格局是距离衰减规律和增长极辐射效应等因素主导形成的产物。3）在城际竞合分析的基础上，从规划融合、交通一体化、产业分工等多方面提出了竞合发展政策建议。

Spatial Patterns and Development Strategy of Competition-Integration between Cities in Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

The maximization of overall functionality of urban agglomeration largely depends on harmonious competition-integration relations between cities. In the view of evolution law of urban agglomerations, the Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMRYR) is at an early stage of development, there is little academic research about competition and integration between cities in it. Based on perspective of city competitiveness and spatial interaction, this paper introduces the principal component analysis and spatial interpolation technique, and then builds a fundamental framework of competition-integration patterns between cities in UAMRYR to reveal the present urban competition-integration situation and mechanism of action. The conclusions are as follows: 1)The competition pattern of UAMRYR shows radial characteristics with core-periphery schema on the whole, and the competitiveness centrality of Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang are obvious. The differentiation of competition pattern in three sub-urban agglomerations are significant. In Wuhan Metropolitan Area, there exists a wide gap of competitiveness between Wuhan and other cities. The competition pattern in Hunan's “3+5” Urban Agglomeration shows a feature of concentrating on core city and extending along the axis. The distribution of cities competitiveness in Urban Agglomeration Surrounding Poyang Lake is characterized by aggregating along the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake. 2) The integration pattern between cities mainly shows that linkage within urban agglomeration is at a level higher than that among urban agglomerations, the directivities of center city and geographical adjacency are notable, a “suction straw effect” is generated along the major roads, and these traffic axes evolve into the main directions of integration pattern finally. The competition-integration patterns between cities present a feature of “overall correspondence and part deviation”. 3) Actually the competition pattern is activated by multiple factors. Among them, the coupling of components, the effect of polarization, administrative and natural division and transportation are the critical factors. The distance attenuation rule and radiation effect of growth pole dominate the integration pattern between cities. These factors promote the competition-integration patterns between cities to move towards differentiation, and the patterns are various spatial structure forms derived from these kinds of mechanism. 4) With the comprehensive analysis of inter-city competition-integration pattern, this paper puts forward policy suggestions about competition- integration in many aspects, such as cooperation on planning, transportation integration, and industrial division and so on.