珠江三角洲城镇群产业结构演变的城镇空间响应强度

中国经济社会发展进入重要的转型时期，产业升级和空间优化成为城镇群地区跨越发展门槛、提升城镇化质量和水平的关键因素，研究产业发展与城镇空间的相互关系成为一项全新、紧迫的科学问题。文章从空间视角切入，提出“产业结构演变的城镇空间响应系数”，定量分析了珠江三角洲不同产业的城镇空间响应强度时空特征，探讨了城镇空间响应强度与工业化发展阶段的内在关系。根据第二、第三产业的城镇空间响应强度，将珠三角各县（区）划分为一致响应型、偏R2（第二产业发展的城镇空间响应系数）响应型和偏R3（第三产业发展的城镇空间响应系数）响应型。经济发展水平、城镇人口集聚水平、区域政策和制度是影响珠三角城镇空间响应强度的主要因素，工业化进程越快，城镇空间响应强度越强。在不同工业化阶段，要采取差异化的调控措施，把产业结构演变与城镇空间优化相结合，建立土地利用与产业发展的良性互动关系，才能真正实现社会经济的可持续发展。

Urban Space Response to the Evolution of Industrial Structure in the Pearl River Delta

Economic and social development of China is entering an important transition period. Industrial upgrading and space optimization are key factors to improve the level of urbanization in the city cluster region. The relationship between industrial structure evolution and urban space is now a new and urgent scientific topic to be studied. From a visual angle of space, this article proposed the Coefficient of Urban Space Response to Industrial Structure Evolution, with which the authors described the temporal-spatial characteristics of the response intensity in the Pearl River Delta since 1996, and analyzed the internal relation between urban space response and the industrialization level. The results show that the urban space response to the industries in the Pearl River Delta presented spatio-temporal differences. Coefficient of Urban Space Response to Industrial Structure Evolution was increasing year by year, and was decreasing from inner circles to outer circles, or from urban districts to surrounding counties. According to the strength of the urban space response to the secondary and tertiary industries, the cities and counties in the Pearl River Delta were classified into three categories: 1) consistent response, 2) response partial to secondary industry, and 3) response partial to tertiary industry. The major factors affecting the urban space response strength were economic level, urban population concentration, and regional policy and system. From the results we can conclude that: urban space response is closely related to the industrialization stage. If the industrialization process is faster, urban space response will become stronger. To establish positive interactive relationship between urban space and industries, and achieve sustainable growth, spatial optimization and upgrading of industry should be combined. In the early stage of industrialization, the urban space response is not so strong, the government should establish industrial park and development zone through the planning guidance, promote the development of industry, improve the urbanization rate of land and the development level of the secondary industry. In the middle stage of industrialization, the secondary industry dominates the economy, urban space expands more fast, the urban space response becomes strong. In order to improve the efficiency of construction land, the government should introduce policies to improve the structure of the secondary industry, and to accelerate the development of the tertiary industry. In the late stage of industrialization, the tertiary industry is dominant, but urban space expansion still has inertia, and the urban space response becomes very strong. The government should strengthen the planning management and policy guidance, and define the function of area development, determine the direction of industry and land supply according to the area’s function.