Fluid transfer of gold,palladium, and rare earth elements and genesis of ore occurrences in the Subpolar Urals |
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Authors: | N S Gorbachev T P Dadze G A Kashirtseva A F Kunts |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Experimental Mineralogy,Russian Academy of Sciences,Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast,Russia;2.Institute of Geology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Division,Russian Academy of Sciences,Syktyvkar,Russia |
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Abstract: | To estimate the behavior of Au, Pd, REE, and Y in magmatic and postmagmatic processes, a series of experimental studies on
the solubility of noble metals and REE in magma, magmatic fluid, and hydrothermal solutions has been performed in wide temperature
and pressure ranges (300–400°C, 860–1350°C; 1–14 kbar). The coefficients of Au and Pd partitioning (D
F/L) between fluid and tholeiitic melt have been determined. Depending on P, T, and the composition of the system, they vary from 1 to 11 for Au and 0.02 to 1 for Pd. The phase solubility technique was
used to determine Au and Pd solubility in hydrothermal fluid. The effects of temperature, composition, and fluid acidity on
Au and Pd solubility have been estimated. The high solubility of these metals in aqueous chloride solutions has been established
for both Au (28–803 mg/kg at T = 300°C, 305–1123 mg/kg at T = 350°C, and 330–1400 mg/kg at T = 400°C) and Pd (40–126 mg/kg at T = 300°C, 62–152 mg/kg at T = 350°C, and 20–210 mg/kg at T = 400°C). The coefficients of REE and Y partitioning (D
F/L) between fluid and tholeiitic or alkaline melts have been determined. They vary from 0.00n to 2 depending on P, T, and fluid composition. The experimental data on Au and Pd solubility in solutions and magmatic fluids and the wide variation
of REE D
F/L between fluid and melt show that magmatic and hydrothermal fluids are efficient agents of Au, Pd, and REE transfer and fractionation.
The obtained experimental data were used for elucidating sources of fluids and their role in the genesis of Au-Pd-REE occurrences
in the Subpolar Urals. |
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