长江中游城市群要素集聚能力的时空演变

随着城市化和工业化的快速推进,对资源要素的需求量大增,城市和区域间对要素的争夺不断加剧,强化自身要素集聚能力成为各城市和区域面临的紧迫挑战。以长江中游城市群为研究对象,对1995-2014年20年间长江中游城市群要素集聚能力的时空演变特征进行研究。结果表明：① 1995-2014年,长江中游城市群要素综合集聚能力在波动中保持增长,在全国处于第四极地位;城市群内城际要素集聚能力差异在波动中保持平衡;科技创新、金融、对外开放等要素更趋向于集聚分布。② 1995-2014年,长江中游城市群要素集聚格局形成了以武汉、长沙、南昌等核心城市为主导的多中心“核心—边缘”结构,空间格局变化较小;其要素集聚格局仍处于初级的中心城市极化发展阶段,一体化的要素集聚组合体尚未形成。③ 长江中游城市群要素集聚格局较为分散,首位城市武汉在整个城市群的要素集聚首位度较低;要素集聚重心跃迁路径沿“西北—东南”整体走向进行往复迁徙;各类要素集聚格局演化分异显著,大部分要素集聚格局呈中心城市指向特征。

Spatial-temporal evolution of factors aggregating ability in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

Due to China's rapid urbanization and industrialization, the demand for resource factors is surging. Competition for such factors between cities and regions has given us a severe challenge to increase our ability to aggregate resource factors. This paper conducted an in-depth analysis of 20 years (1995-2014) of spatial-temporal evolution of the factor aggregating ability in the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMRYR). Analytical results highlighted that: (1) From 1995-2014, the comprehensive factor aggregating ability in this region had been on an increase despite fluctuation, ranking fourth nationwide. The differential factor aggregating ability between cities within this region had been basically balanced while fluctuating. At the same time, the distribution of such resource factors as science and technology innovation, finance, and the opening strategy, had tended to be concentrated along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. (2) During this period, the factor agglomeration pattern of UAMRYR formed a multi-center "core-periphery" structure, with core cities such as Wuhan, Changsha and Nanchang, and there is no significant change on the spatial pattern. In general, the factor agglomeration pattern was still in the primary stage of the urban polarization for central cities, the integrated factor agglomeration has not yet formed. (3) The factor aggregating patterns in UAMRYR tended to be decentralized. As the primate city, Wuhan had a low factor aggregating primacy. The factor agglomeration placed emphasis on moving the pathway of "northwest-southeast" in UAMRYR. There were significant disparities on agglomeration patterns for various factors, while most factors presented agglomeration to central cities.