天津中心渔港岸线集约利用评价模型研究

岸线资源利用管理是沿海地区经济可持续发展的重要支撑,因此开展岸线集约利用评价具有重要的意义。本文首先建立了岸线资源评价指标体系,并从资源优化配置的角度,建立了以遥感数据为主要数据源的岸线集约利用评价指标体系。通过对遥感影像（SPOT）的解译并结合实地调查与经济统计数据获取相关评价指标信息,构建基于层次分析法的岸线资源评价模型和岸线集约利用评价模型,并应用其对天津中心渔港项目进行评价,结果表明：① 天津中心渔港的岸线资源评价综合得分为3.004,其占用的岸线等级属于3级岸线;② 天津中心渔港的岸线集约利用综合得分偏低,只有0.3271。各项指标中,岸线利用状况指标得分相对较高,约占综合得分的49.25%;而中心渔港的岸线投入产出水平指标得分最低,仅占17.27%。研究表明,围填海面积开发强度过低是导致天津中心渔港岸线集约利用强度偏低的主要原因。

Evaluation of Intensive Coastline Utilization of Tianjin Center Harbor

As the natural intersection belt of land and ocean areas, coastline zone plays a key role in promoting regional economic development. Therefore, the evaluation of coastline utilization is of great importance for coastline resource management. This paper firstly created an index system for the evaluation of coastline resource. Then, for optimal allocation of coastline resource, an evaluation index system for intensive coastline utilization based on remote sensing data as well as socio-economic data was proposed. Through interpreting two SPOT remote sensing images and field survey, all the index values were obtained. Then, two multi-factor evaluation models, coastline resource evaluation model and intensive coastline utilization evaluation model, were established based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Tianjin center harbor, China, was taken to validate the feasibility of the models. The interpretation and analysis of remote sensing data of the harbor between 2006 and 2015 indicated that: (1) Tianjin center harbor covers an area of 2639.16 hm², of which 1451.46 hm² is the land reclamation area, accounting for 55% of the total area; (2) the length of coastline surrounding the harbor was 2.46 km in 2006, but increased to 10.84 km in 2015 due to the land reclamation; and (3) the utilized land reclamation area is 527.76 hm², accounting for a proportion of 36.36%.The application of the aforementioned evaluation models to Tianjin Center Harbor on the basis of the information extracted from the remote sensing images and in situ investigation data showed that (1) the coastline-occupation level of the harbor in 2006 can be classified as a third grade with a score of 3.004; (2)the intensive coastline utilization of the harbor reached a comprehensive value of 0.3271, of which the factor of coastline utilization status scored a relatively high value of 0.1611, accounting for 49.25%, while the factor of output-to-input ratio hit a lowest of 0.0565. The analysis results suggested that the two proposed models could work effectively in the evaluation of the coastline resource and intensive coastline utilization for the Tianjin center harbor.