Wave Climatology in Coastal Maine for Aquaculture and Other Applications |
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Authors: | Vijay G Panchang Chankwon Jeong Dongcheng Li |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Maritime Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University at Galveston, 200 Seawolf Parkway, Galveston, TX 77553, USA |
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Abstract: | Wind waves represent a significant hydrodynamic factor affecting many oceanographic studies such as sediment transport, design
of structures, etc. In coastal Maine, wave information is needed, among other applications, for aquaculture-related activities.
As few data sources exist, a question that confronts scientists pertains to the magnitudes of typical and extreme wave conditions
at various times. To address this, numerical modeling was performed for a period of six and a half years (7/99–12/05) on a
continuous basis by coupling National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s outer ocean predictions to two coastal, high-resolution,
regional domain grids encompassing the Penobscot Bay and Machias Bay regions where aquaculture activity is prevalent and expanding.
As the modeling involves uncertainties because of bathymetric and wind field representations, their effect on the results
was explored. It was found that although the uncertainties could create inaccuracies in real-time forecasts, their effect
on the development of climatogies was minimal. Average modeled significant wave heights are found to vary between 0.6 and
1.5 m in the sub-domains. The maximum conditions are of the order of 6.5 m in the outer parts of the sub-domains and occurred
in September and December. Estimated wave-induced bottom velocities were found in many areas to be in excess of the published
estimates of resuspension thresholds for net-pen wastes. Estimates of “extreme” wave conditions, corresponding to a recurrence
interval of 30 years (representing the nominal design life of the cage), were found to vary between 2 and 7 m in the modeled
areas. Detailed contour maps have been developed for site-specific characterization of the wave climate. |
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