新疆地壳结构和演化中的若干问题

以新疆独山子-泉水沟地学断面的资料为主,讨论了泉水沟-阿勒泰剖面的地壳结构主要特征。它们不仅在地表形成了三山两盆的盆山结构面貌,而且在深部的地壳结构上也有明显的不同。进而我们认识到以天山和祁连山为代表的中国西北的主要山系在地质历史上虽然属于不同时期的造山带,但真正形成现代的盆山结构是新生代以来壳幔相互作用的结果。特别是天山地区,新生代以来的造山活动和古生代时期有明显的不同,也和高原南侧喜马拉雅山的新生代造山作用不同,我们称之为“天山型造山运动和天山型造山带”。

Problems of crustal tectonics and evolution in Xinjiang, Northwest China

Based on the results of Geotransect from Dushanzi to Quanshuigou, the crustal structure and tectonics along the profile from Quanshuigou to Altai of Xinjiang were carried out.The transect not only displays the style of basin-mountain tectonics, with three mountain ranges and two basins on the surface, but also reveals different crustal structures in different parts. Furthermore, I recognize that the Tianshan and Qilianshan mountains in western China, belong to orogenic events that occurred in different geological periods, but the recent basin-mountain tectonics are the results of crust-mantle interaction since the Cenozoic. Typically, in the Tianshan Mountains, the Cenozoic orogenic movements were different from those that occured in same area in the Paleozoic, or in the Himalaya in the Cenozoic. I refer to the basin-mountain tectonics as the “Tianshan-type orogenic movements” and “Tianshan-type orogenic zone”.