The Sanya Coral Reef National Marine Nature Reserve,China: A governance analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Marine Affairs Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax NS, Canada. Elizabeth.De.Santo@dal.ca;2. Department of Geography, University College London (UCL), UK. P.J.Jones@ucl.ac.uk;3. Department of Geography, University College London (UCL), UK. w.qiu@ucl.ac.uk;4. School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia. julian.clifton@uwa.edu.au;1. Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheit Str. 6, D-28359 Bremen, Germany;2. Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, NW 2/Leobener Str. D-28359 Bremen, Germany;3. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany;4. Bremen International Graduate School for Marine Sciences (GLOMAR), Leobener Str. D-28359 Bremen, Germany;5. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Bremen, GW2/Bibliothekstr. 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany;6. Research Center for Society and Culture, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Widya Graha Fl. 6th, Gatot Subroto Kav. 10, Jakarta, Indonesia;1. College of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;3. Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;1. Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;2. National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin, China;3. Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security (ANCORS), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines the governance of the Sanya Coral Reef National Marine Nature Reserve (SCR-NMNR) in China in the context of a rapidly growing local economy, driven mainly by recent growth in the tourism sector. The governance approach adopted in the SCR-NMNR is characterised by significant decentralisation, i.e. many roles have been devolved to the local government. However, this has led to the undermining of strategic conservation objectives by local economic development priorities, through the rapid development of mass tourism involving both the private sector and the local government. This reliance on economic incentives has provided alternative livelihoods and resources for the management of the MPA, but has also incurred environmental and social costs. Overall, it can be argued that the current governance approach cannot effectively address the full spectrum of challenges encountered, in that these costs appear to outweigh the benefits. In order to improve the governance of the SCR-NMNR towards more effective and equitable outcomes, strengthened leadership from the central state will be needed, as well as a sense of community stewardship towards the MPA. |
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