Monitoring water transport in sandstone using flow propagators: A quantitative comparison of nuclear magnetic resonance measurement with lattice Boltzmann and pore network simulations |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK;2. Schlumberger Gould Research, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EL, UK;3. Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;1. Institute of Biophysical Chemistry & Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany;2. Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany;3. Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;1. Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;2. School of Computer and Control Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China;1. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Department at West Virginia University, USA;2. Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, Department at the University of Texas at Austin, USA |
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| Abstract: | A comparison of advective displacement probability distributions (flow propagators) obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment with both lattice Boltzmann (LB) and pore network (PN) simulations is presented. Here, we apply all three methods to the exact same sample for the first time: we consider water transport in a Bentheimer sandstone. The LB and PN simulations are based on X-ray micro-tomography (XMT) images of a small rock sample; the NMR experiments are conducted on a much larger rock core-plug from which the small rock sample originated. Despite the limited size of the simulation domains, good agreement is achieved between all three sets of results, verified quantitatively by comparison of the low order moments of the flow propagators. We are concerned primarily with validating the simulations at high liquid flow rates (>10 ml min?1) in high permeability sandstone, ultimately for future application to geological carbon sequestration studies. Under these conditions the LB simulation is found, as expected, to be more robust than the PN model due primarily to the reduced requirement to manually tune the simulation lattice to match the petro-physical properties of the rock. |
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| Keywords: | NMR Flow propagator Lattice-Boltzmann simulation Pore network model Reservoir rock |
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