秦皇岛入海口邻近海域夏季大型底栖动物群落结构变化及影响因子研究

2009年夏季和2012年夏季对秦皇岛入海口邻近海域大型底栖动物群落进行调查,并对大型底栖动物群落结构变化及影响因子进行了研究分析。结果表明:(1)2009年和2012年调查海区大型底栖动物种类组成皆以多毛类和节肢动物为主,物种数和丰度皆呈现由近岸向外海递增的趋势。与2009年相比,2012年大型底栖动物种类数有所减少,优势种种类变化较大,但物种优势度变化不明显。(2)2009年和2012年调查海域大型底栖动物的总生物量组成变化明显,各生态类群的优势地位出现了明显更替。(3)2009年大型底栖动物可划分为3个群落,2012年大型底栖动物可划分为4个群落。两次调查中不同群落类型之间大型底栖动物组成皆呈显著性差异,群落不相似性主要贡献者差异性较大。(4)根据BIOENV和BVSTEP分析结果表明,2009年影响大型底栖动物群落结构的主要环境因子是水深和无机磷含量;2012年影响大型底栖动物群落结构的主要环境因子是水深、盐度和沉积物有机碳含量。

Study on the community structural variation of macrobenthos and impact factors in the adjacent sea area of Qinhuangdao Estuary in summer

Community characteristics of macrobenthos had been studied in Qinhuangdao Estuary in summer of 2009 and 2012. Multivariate analysis methods were utilized to analyze the characteristics of macrobenthic communities and environmental factors. The result showed that:(1)Polychaeta and Arthropod were the dominant groups. The species and abundance increased from estuary to open sea in 2009 and 2012. Compared with 2009, the species decreased, the dominant species changed obviously, but the dominance of species showed little variation in 2012.(2)The total biomass composition of macrobenthos changed obviously. The dominant groups of macrobenthic community changed distinctly in 2009 and 2012. (3) The species were grouped into three ecotypes in 2009, while the species were grouped into four ecotypes in 2012, and one-way ANOSIM test revealed significant differences from 2009 to 2012. The species which provided main dissimilarity of community structure were significant differences from 2009 to 2012. (4) The results of BIOENV and BVSTEP analysis implied that depth and DIP were the most important factors affecting macrobenthos community in summer of 2009; while depth, salinity, and TOC were the most important factors affecting macrobenthos community in summer of 2012.