无氧功实验适宜负荷确定方法的研究

为更准确的确定自行车无氧实验的适宜负荷，对４３名（１５岁～２１岁）受试者进行了Ｗｉｎｇａｔｅ法无氧功复实验，并对三种间接推算无氧功率适宜负荷的方法进行了比较。结果显示：用直接筛选法确定的适宜负荷与体重、腿围、腿力均高度相关。但与腿力的相关程度最高，与腿围的相关程度次之，与体重的相关程度最低。作者认为，体重、大腿围只能间接的反映腿部力量。用形态系数法和Ｗｉｎｇａｔｅ法确定无氧功率实验适宜负荷时，其准确性易受肌肉质量、训练水平等个体差异的影响。腿力百分比法确定的适宜负有适合于各个项目不同层次的受试者。腿力百分比法会成为一种新的更为准确的无氧功率实验适宜负荷间接确定法。

A STUDY OF THE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL RESISTANCE IN ANAEROBIC POWER TEST

In bicycle anaerobic power test, the determination of the optimal resistance (OR) is the key to obtaining the individual maximal anaerobic power. In order to determine the OR more accurately, 43 subjects (15-- 21 years of age) were tested by using the Wingate Anaerobic Test and three indirect methods for determining the OR were compared. The results reveal that the OR determined with the direct screening method is highly correlated with the weight, girth of thigh and leg strength respectively, with the highest correlation being between the OR and the leg strength, and the lowest between the OR and the weight. From these results we consider that the weight and girth of thigh can only reflect the leg strength indirectly. The accurates of the Wingate method and the anthropometric parameter method for determining the OR are liable to be affected by individual differences in factors such as the muscle quality and training level. The OR determined by the leg strength percentage method is suitable for various subjects at different levels. The leg strength percentage method will become a new and more accurate indirect method for determining the OR in anaerobic power test.