《联合国气候变化框架公约》适应谈判历程回顾与展望

减缓和适应是应对气候变化的互补性策略,但在《联合国气候变化框架公约》（简称《公约》）的谈判中,适应在很长一段时期都处于减缓的从属地位。《公约》20多年的适应谈判进程可划为早期缓慢发展、科学和技术讨论、适应与减缓并重、增强适应行动和全面适应行动5个阶段,呈现出由无到有、重要性不断增强的特点。这一特点反映了全球对气候变化影响和适应重要性认识的不断深入及适应气候变化挑战的不断增强。未来适应谈判将聚焦于如何通过《公约》现有机制增强行动及如何增加适应资金以满足发展中国家的适应需求。

Progress and outlook of adaptation negotiation under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Mitigation and adaptation are complementary strategies in response to climate change. However, adaptation had long been subordinate to mitigation in the negotiation process under the United Nations Framework on Climate Change(UNFCCC). Generally, the adaptation negotiation under UNFCCC over the past more than 20 years could be divided into five stages: early slow progress, science and technical discussion, parity with mitigation, enhanced adaptation action and full-scale adaptation action. The adaptation-related agenda items and their importance have been increased under the UNFCCC negotiation regime over the past decade, which reflects the deepening understanding of the significance of climate change impacts and adaptation of human society as well as increasing challenges for climate change adaptation globally. Future adaptation will focus on how to enhance global, regional and national adaptation actions through existing UNFCCC mechanisms, and how to mobilize adaptation finance to meet the increasing adaptation needs of developing countries.