福建省海岸带脆弱生态环境信息图谱研究

海岸带是陆地和海洋的交接地带,随着沿海经济的发展和对外开放,对海岸带的各种开发活动,一方面促进了沿海地区的经济发展,另一方面也使海岸带面临的压力越来越大,如人口增多、资源消耗、环境污染严重等。此外,海岸带的自然灾害频繁,常见的有台风、干旱和地震,海岸带生态环境呈现出典型脆弱性的特征。以地学信息图谱的方法论对海岸带脆弱生态环境进行研究:首先,它依托由对地观测技术、实地调查及社会经济统计而建立起的时空数据库,通过数据挖掘与知识发现,产生征兆图谱;然后,结合评价和时空分析模型及G IS提取诊断图谱;最后,在预测模型的支持下产生实施图谱,从而形成决策方案。实践证明,通过信息图谱能够更直观地反映海岸带脆弱生态环境,包括其现状、驱动因素,以及未来变化趋势,为海岸带的可持续发展规划决策、环境管理,以及防灾减灾对策的制定提供重要的科学依据。

On the Fragile Eco-environmental Information Tupu of Coastal Zone in Fujian Province

Coastal Zone is the transfer of land and sea areas.With economic development and opening to the outside world,various exploiting activities on coastal zone,on the one hand,promote economic development of coastal areas;on the other hand,make coastal areas facing increasing pressures,such as population increase,consumption of resources and serious environmental pollution,etc.In addition,coastal zone suffers frequent natural disasters,such as typhoon,drought and earthquake.Accordingly,coastal ecological environment shows a typical characteristic of vulnerability.In this paper,fragile ecological environment in the coastal zone was studied based on the Geo-Information Tupu methodology.Firstly,it constructs spatiotemporal database through earth observation,field investigation and social economic statistics,and a symptom Tupu is constructed from data mining and knowledge discovery.Then a diagnose Tupu is extracted by combined evaluation and spatiotemporal analysis.Finally,implement Tupu is generated by the support of forecasting model and the decision project is formed.The practice proves that the study of the fragile properties for eco-environment by the method of Geo-Informatics graphic analysis is almost same as the reality of Fujian Province.The fragile eco-environment including present situation,driving factors and the future trend could be reflected more intuitively through information Tupu.The study of fragile eco-environmental information Tupu by means of Tupu inversion and simulating the spatiotemporal change of eco-environment of coast zone would supply important scientific basis for the planning policy decision of sustainable development in coast zone as well as the countermeasure making of environmental management and disaster prevention and reduction through comprehensive assessment and forecasting of fragile eco-environment in coastal zone by Tupu form.