20世纪末的一次重大地理发现──雅鲁藏布江大峡谷为世界之最的论证

雅鲁藏布江下游围绕喜马拉雅山东端最高峰南迦巴瓦峰(7782m)作奇特的马蹄形大拐弯,连续的深切割在青藏高原东南斜面上,长达496.3km,最深达5382m,是世界上最大的峡谷。它的论证和被发现,是20世纪末一次重大的地理发现。大峡谷是适应板块缝合构造带发育的构造谷,它还是南来水汽进入青藏高原的最大通道,它所造就的独特自然环境和地理景观,以及以生物和水力为主的丰富自然资源,是人类共同的财富。进行世界最大峡谷的地学、生物学理论与应用的系统研究,对大峡谷的开发、规划、永续利用提供科学依据,建立大峡谷自然保护区是当务之急。

A GREAT GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERY IN THE END OF 20th CENTURY──DEMONSTRATION ON THE YARLUNG ZANGBO RIVER VALLEY AS THE GRANDEST CANYON IN THE WORLD

The low reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River,surrounding the highest peak of the east end of Himalaya Mountain Range, the Namjagbarwa Mountain (7 782m) and forming a mystic great curve as a shape of a horse hoof, cut deeply into the south-east slope of Tibet Plateau and form the grandest Canyon in the world with the length of 496.3km and the maximum depth of 5 382m.The discovery and demonstration of this grandest canyon is the greatest geographical discovery in the 20th Cent..The grand canyon is a geotectonic valley which was formed by adapting of the cracking geotectionic zone between two plates.This grand canyon also is the biggest passage of moisture from the south to the Tibet Plateau.The distinct physical environment and the landscape and rich natural resources are the common wealth of whole society.At present, there are some important objectives in th researches on the grand canyon.Systimatic research on the grand canyon in geoscience and biology should be launched for the developing, planning and continuous utilizing of the grand canyon.The best model and way for protecting and exploiting the grand canyon should be explored and established.And it should be researched to establish an integrated system for exploiting the grand canyon.And this system should contain following contents.Preserving the natural environment of the grand canyon should be an eternal theme, continuous utilizing of the natural resources should be an objective, and establishing the natural reservation should be an urgent issue at rpresent.