地理学的逻辑方法和基本法则

从科学哲学和科学学的角度考察地理学思想史,可以发现:地理学之所以徘徊于科学性不强的“经验科学”的水平,关键在于其科学的理论化和系统化不够。本文对地理学的逻辑方法及其公理系统作了初步探讨,并尝试就此推演地理定理,估计地理学的未来发展趋势。

ON THE LOGIC METHODS AND BASIC LAWS OF GEOGRAPHY

To develop a branch of science as quickly as possible, it's not enouph to recall the past and discuss the present of the science, we must l-e from a point of philosophy to observe and deal with it, too. Then we can escape from the ivory tower made by itself. Logic and philosophy of science give us a good kind of instrument to approach the past, the present, and the future of geography, la this paper, the author advances some questions and some thoughts about them as follows: the study of methods of the past and the present of geography so called empirical science, and their developing tendency; the basic structure of geographical knowledge; geographical axioms; the possibility to infer geographical theories from geographical axioms.