现代冰川中的微粒研究与气候环境变化

现代冰川雪冰中的微粒是重建过去气候环境变化的一项重要替代性指标。根据前人对极地冰盖和山地冰川冰芯及雪坑样品中的微粒粒径、矿物特征和含量变化等研究成果,讨论了微粒粒径变化,微粒与火山活动、大气气溶胶的关系,以及冰芯测年、微粒来源等相关分析,认为微粒中的代表性矿物、火山玻璃、粗糙系数和粒径分布可作为确定微粒源区的指标;微粒含量的变化与大气环流、气温高低及干湿程度密切相关,微粒含量的高值对应冷干气候,反之为暖湿;大气环流加强时,微粒含量增加,反之减少。微粒研究还能获得如火山活动、人类影响等特殊事件的信息。

MICROPARTICLES IN MODERN GLACIERS AND CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

Microparticles in modern glaciers is an important indices of climate and environment variation. Microparticles analysis can reveal the climatic and environmental changes in the past. In this paper, significance of microparticles analysis is simply introduced. According to exiting data, microparticles contain all kinds of information, such as microparticle source regions, the characteristics of microparticle changes, dating of ice cores, volcanic activities, aerosol and so on. Typical mineral in different latitude, such as kaolinite and chlorite, tephra, the coarseness, size profile as indices, source area of microparticle may be determined. Base on typical mineral characteristics and size profile, microparticle potation region may be concluded. Moreover, source region will be studies further. Microparticle concentration variation is connected with dry wet, temperature and atmospheric circulation. Microparticle concentration analysis indicated that microparticles concentration decreases with climate warming, which is consistent with the conclusion that there is more microparticles concentration in cold periods and less microparticles concentration in warming periods. During wet periods, microparticles concentration is low, during dry periods, microparticles concentration is high. The strength of atmospheric circulation increases, microparticles concentration increases, conversely, it decreases. Microparticles analysis can also reveal special event, such as floating dust, sand dust storms and volcanic activities, etc.