温度对东北草原区亚洲飞蝗孵化的影响

为了阐明东北草原亚洲飞蝗孵化进程与热量条件的关系，利用人工气候箱进行了温度和积温对亚洲飞蝗越冬卵孵化影响的试验研究。结果表明：出蝻数、出蝻率、累积出蝻数、累积出蝻率均随日平均气温升高而增大。日最低温度连续3 d稳定通过25 ℃时，蝗虫开始萌动、孵化；在26.0 ℃左右时孵化最快。低于25.0 ℃时，蝗虫出蝻速率缓慢。25.0 ℃以上有效积温达到11.6 ℃•d，活动积温达到211.6 ℃•d时，蝗卵开始孵化出土。当有效积温增加到20 ℃•d，活动积温320 ℃•d后，孵化速度回落，紧接着达到第二个孵化小高峰，然后孵化过程结束。

The effect of temperature on hatching of Asiatic migratory locust in the grassland of northeast China

In order to clarify the relationship between the hatching process of Asiatic Migratory Locust and heat conditions in the grassland of northeast China,the influence of temperature and effective accumulated temperature on the overwintering hatching of Asiatic migratory locust was analyzed using an artificial climate box.The results show that the number of hoppers,the output rate of hoppers,the accumulated hoppers and the accumulated output rate of hoppers increase with the mean daily temperature rising.The locusts begin to sprout and hatch when the daily minimum temperature exceeds 25.0 ℃ for three consecutive days.It hatches rapidly when the daily minimum temperature is about 26.0 ℃,while the output rate of locust hoppers slow down when the daily minimum temperature is below 25.0 ℃.When the effective accumulated temperature higher than 25 ℃ reaches 11.6 ℃· d and the active accumulated temperature is 211.6 ℃·d,the locust eggs begin to hatch.When the effective accumulated temperature increases to 20 ℃·d and the active accumulated temperature exceeds 320.0 ℃·d,the hatching speed slows down and reaches the second small peak of hatching immediately,then the hatching process is over.