中国10类典型稻田生态系统服务评价

在公开发表数据基础上,本研究评价了全国6大稻作区10类稻田提供的生态系统服务。研究的服务包括稻田初级产品生产、气体调节、氮素转化、土壤有机质累积以及水调节和洪水控制等5项生态系统服务。研究结果显示,稻田谷物产量为4.71–12.18 t ha^-1 y^-1,稻草为4.65–9.79 t ha^-1 y^-1;O2调节量为8.27–19.69 t ha^-1 y^-1,温室气体调节量为-2 .13–19.24 t ha^-1 y^-1 （CO2 当量）;氮素输入量为209.70–513.93 kg N ha^-1 y^-1,输出量为112.87–332.69 kg N ha^-1 y^-1;土壤有机质库变化为0.69–4.88 t C ha^-1 y^-1;水调节量为-19 875–6430 m3 ha^-1 y^-1,洪水控制量为1500 m3 ha^-1 y^-1。研究结果还显示,10类稻田的生态系统服务价值为8605–21 405 美元 ha^-1 y^-1,除了初级产品生产以外的其他生态系统服务价值仅占74%–89%。在施氮量为275–297 kg N ha^-1时,稻田生态系统服务价值相对较高。目前仅以农产品生产来计算稻田生态系统的价值显著低估了稻田生态系统对人类社会的重要性。随着越来越多的森林、草地等转为城市和工业用途,农田特别是稻田生态系统将具有越来越高的生态重要性。农田生态系统农产品生产以外的生态系统服务将受到越来越多的关注。

Evaluation of Ecosystem Services Provided by 10 Typical Rice Paddies in China

Based on reference review, this study investigated ecosystem services supported by 10 typical rice paddies in six rice planting regions of China. The services were primary production, gas regulation, nitrogen transformation, soil organic matter accumulation, and water regulation and flood control. The results indicated that grain production of the 10 rice paddies was between 4.71 and 12.18 t ha-1 y-1; straw production was 4.65 to 9.79 t ha-1 y-1; gas regulation was calculated to emit O2 ranging from 8.27 to...