城市公共服务设施优化配置模型研究的近期进展与展望

城市公共服务设施优化配置是实现城市公共服务均等化的必要途径。近年来，时空大数据、智能决策与仿真等技术蓬勃发展，引发了城市公共服务设施配置模型研究的革命。基于以上时代背景，本文对城市公共服务设施优化配置模型的近期研究进展进行了总结和展望：①优化决策模型朝着精细化方向快速发展，优化决策目标将更加多元化；②多源地理大数据和时空数据挖掘方法的城市公共服务需求建模动态化；③多目标群智能优化算法使城市公共服务设施优化决策朝着智能化的方向发展。随着大数据、云计算、并行计算和人工智能等新技术在GIS领域的广泛应用与集成，城市公共服务设施优化配置模型将越来越朝着精细化和智能化的方向发展。

The recent progress and expectation of research on model for urban public service facilities location optimization problems

The allocation of urban public service facilities has essential impacts on social equity and justice. Unreasonable allocation of urban public service facilities often leads to the paradoxes of shortages and excesses of urban public services, while also reducing the use of the allocation of public service facilities. In recent years, the rapid development of big data, intelligent decision-making and simulation technology has triggered a revolution in the research of urban public service facilities allocation model. Based on the above background, this paper summarizes and prospects the recent research progress of the optimal allocation model of urban public service facilities. Firstly, the optimization decision model for urban public service facilities has greatly developed with the application of the accessibility analysis methodologies and the concept of equalization of public services. Secondly, the spatial-temporal simulation and prediction of urban public service demand is becoming more and more accurate. The application of big data and spatial-temporal data mining in urban public facilities allocation makes it possible to simulate the demand of public services on more elaborate spatial and temporal scales. Thirdly, the multi-objective intelligent optimization decision-making method promotes the intellectualization of decision-making in urban planning. It is foreseeable that with the wide application and integration of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing, parallel computing and artificial intelligence in the field of GIS, the optimal allocation model of urban public service facilities will be more and more refined and intelligent.