应急环境基站布设对定位精度的影响分析

在灾害环境下,对UWB基站/标签相对位置关系、不同天线指向方向、不同基站布设高度、不同基站数量和不同布设网型5个方面分别进行试验研究。试验结果表明,基站高度对UWB定位精度没有明显影响、标签越靠近基站网型中心定位精度越高、天线方向竖直向上时定位精度更高、基站数量越多定位精度越高、常用网型中矩形网型精度较高。应急环境下,按"以定位区域为中心、天线竖直向上、基站数量尽可能多、矩形网型"的方案布设UWB基站,以最短的时间获得次优定位精度,为UWB应急定位实际应用提供可行基站布设指导和依据。

Analysis of influence of emergency environment anchor deployment on positioning accuracy

In the disaster environment, this paper research the UWB positioning accuracy about the relative location between UWB anchor and tag, different antenna direction, different height of anchor deployment, different number of anchor and different deployment network types. The experimental results show that: the height of the anchor has no obvious influence on the two-dimensional positioning accuracy of UWB; the closer the tag is to the anchors’ network center, the higher the positioning accuracy; higher positioning accuracy when the antenna is oriented vertically; the greater the number of anchors, the higher the positioning accuracy; rectangular mesh type has higher accuracy in common mesh types. Therefore, the UWB anchor can be set up, in the emergency environment, according to the plan of “the positioning area as a center, the antenna is vertical, the number of anchors is as large as possible, and the rectangular network type”. The sub-optimal positioning accuracy will be got in the shortest time and the guidance for feasible anchor deployment for UWB emergency positioning will be obtained.