由重力和温度变化引起的地壳水平应力

考虑到地壳的三维不均一性,将重力(包括引力和离心惯性力)和温度作用作为载荷,采用三维有限元法计算了地壳应力场。计算结果表明: (1)地壳水平应力以压应力占主导地位;(2)纬向水平应力与深度成正比,与纬度无关;(3)经向水平应力与深度成正比,与纬度成反比;(4)水平应力的各向异性程度随纬度的增大而减小;(5)地壳上部广泛存在着高水平应力。 

HORIZONTAL STRESSES IN THE EARTH'S CRUST CAUSED BY GRAVITY AND TEMPERATURE EFFECT

Considering the three-dimensional inhomogeneity of the earth's crust, three dimensional finite element method is applied to an analysis of the earth's crustal stress field, gravity (including gravitation and centrifugal force) and temperature effect being taken for the external load. Results:(1) The crust is absolutely dominated by compressive stress;(2) The latitudinal horizontal stress increases with increase in depth, and is independent of latitude;(3) The longitudinal horizontal stress oncreases with increase in depth, and decreases with increase in latitude at the same depth;(4) The degree of anisotropy of horizontal stress decreases with increase of latitude;(5) In the surficial and upper layers of the crust, high horizontal stress is widespread.